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The relation between color and temperature: Wien's Law

``Say it with equations''

A blackbody radiator glows brightest (is most intense) at a wavelength (in meters) tex2html_wrap_inline82 . tex2html_wrap_inline84 is related to the temperature (in Kelvins) by Wien's Law:

eqnarray30

Let's work out some examples. I just said that objects at a finite temperature emit light, but that seems to be a lie. The tabletop is hotter than absolute zero, but it is not glowing. What's up? Use Wien's law.
Temperature of tabletop is tex2html_wrap_inline86 K. Figure out wavelength at which it is brightest. tex2html_wrap_inline88 meters. This equals 10 microns. It is more than ten times longer than the longest wavelength that the human eye is sensitive to. It is in the infrared part of the spectrum.

Now let's try the Sun.
Longrightarrow Spectrum of Sun. It looks like a blackbody in the sense of a steep rise and a slow decline with wavelength. There is a peak at about 475 nanometers = tex2html_wrap_inline92 meters.
Let's use Wien's Law, tex2html_wrap_inline94 K
Real hot! This gives us our first idea of what the temperatures of stars are like.

tex2html_wrap_inline96 Now think about the color of Vega, and think about what that tells you about the star.



Steve Spangler
Thu Aug 26 11:24:07 CDT 1999